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Cambodia
Country & Travel Info |
Where is Cambodia?
Cambodia is a land of superlatives: Such as the world's
grandest and most magnificent World Heritage Sites of Angkor
Wat, Bayon and on the other side the shocking contrast of
the Killing Fields, Toul Sleng Genocide Museum and other
remnants of Cambodia's more recent history. After almost 25
years of isolation, the country opened to tourists in the
early 1990s. |
Situated on the Indochinese peninsula, Cambodia is bordered
by Thailand and Laos on the north and Vietnam on the east
and south. The Gulf of Thailand is off the western coast.
The size of Missouri, the country consists chiefly of a
large alluvial plain ringed by mountains, and on the east is
the Mekong River. The plain is centered around Lake Tonle
Sap, which is a natural storage basin of the Mekong. |
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Swiss
Miss in Phnom Penh |
People:
The population of Cambodia is estimated at 13,363,421 (with a growth rate of 1.8%).
Cambodia comprises a variety of peoples who are commonly called "Khmer" and they constitute
90 - 95 percent of the population. The Vietnamese comprising abt 5% , the Chinese 1% and others 4% of the
population.
Religion:
Theravada Buddhist 95%, others 5%. |

Mother
of Swiss Miss at Angkor Wat; January 2005 |
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Languages:
Khmer (official), French, English.
History:
The area that is present-day Cambodia came under Khmer rule
about 600, when the region was at the center of a vast
empire that stretched over most of Southeast Asia. Under the
Khmers, who were Hindus, a magnificent temple complex was
constructed at Angkor. Buddhism was introduced in the 12th
century.
After Jayavaram's reign Kambuja’s power steadily
diminished. In1863 France colonized the region, joining
Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam into a single protectorate known
as French Indochina. |
After World War II, Cambodians wanted independence, but
France wanted to keep its colony. In 1949 Cambodia was
granted independence within the French Union.
In 1953 Prince Sihanouk introduced civil service for all
Khmer students and by 1954 Cambodia declared independence.
He abdicated in 1955 in favor of his parents, remaining head
of the government, and when his father died in 1960, became
chief of state without returning to the throne.
In 1963, he
sought a guarantee of Cambodia's neutrality from all parties
to the Vietnam War. In 1969, the U.S. began anti communist
bombing raids in Cambodia and Laos, alongside the war with
Vietnam.
The number of Cambodian Communists (known as the Khmer Rouge)
increased from about 3,000 in March 1970 to over 30,000
within a few years. Most of the North Vietnamese and Viet
Cong troops were able to withdraw, leaving in progress a
raging civil war fought by Cambodians but financed by the
United States, North Vietnam, and Communist China. |
On Oct. 9, 1970, the national assembly declared Cambodia a
republic and changed the country's name to the Khmer
Republic.
Despite extensive U.S. military aid, the Khmer Rouge
retained firm control of the northeast provinces and most of
the countryside. Eventually, more and more territory fell
into Communist hands, despite intensive U.S. bombing attacks
which persisted until the halt imposed by the U.S. Congress
in August 1973. |
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January
2005: Several hundred monks visit Angkor Wat - the
first time in 35 years... |
In 1975, the Khmer Rouge, led by Pol Pot, seized control of
Phnom Penh and overthrew the U.S.-backed government of Lon
Nol. The Khmer Rouge renamed the country the Democratic
Kampuchea, and established Pol Pot as the premier. Between
the years 1975 and 1979, an estimated over three million
people died at the hands of the Khmer Rouge.
In 1978, Pol Pot refused offers of negotiation and
international supervision, and the Vietnamese army invaded
and seized Phnom Penh in 1979. Cambodia's first-ever
democratic elections were held in May 1993, supervised by a
large UN peacekeeping mission.
Visa:
A passport with at least four month validity is required. A visa is required for most nationalities (Philippine and Malaysian nationals do not require tourist visas for a stay up to 21 and 30 days respectively). No special permits are required.
One-month visas are available on arrival at the international airports in Siem Reap and Phnom Penh, and at border crossings with Thailand and Vietnam. Visas are not available at the crossing with Laos. Tourist visa: US$20. Business visa: US$25. Diplomatic, Official, Courtesy, and Special (Cambodian) visas are issued free of charge. One 4x6 photo is required. Visa prices are often higher at Thai overland crossings.
Tourist visas can be extended for one month, but only one time. Business visas can be renewed indefinitely. Renew visas through a travel agent or the ‘Department for Foreigners’ on Confederation de Russie (‘Airport Road’), located opposite Phnom Penh International Airport. Tel: 012-581558. Fax: 023-890380. E-mail: visa_info@online.com.kh. Renew Diplomatic, Courtesy and Official visas at the
consular section of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Visas at overland border crossings:
Border crossing with Laos: This is a semi-official crossing. Border policies are not stable. Neither Cambodian nor Laotian visas are available at the border.
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Balloon
over Angkor Wat |
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Border crossings with Vietnam: Cambodian visas are available at the border. Vietnamese visas are not available at the border.
Border crossings with Thailand: Cambodian visas and 30-day Thai transit visas are available at all Thai/Cambodian border crossings. Thai transit visas are free of charge. Other types of Thai visas are not available. At the Poipet and Koh Kong crossings, Cambodian immigration is charging
1,000 Baht for a tourist visa and 1,500 Baht for a business visa. Unlike the rest of the country, they usually refuse dollars. |
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| At current exchange rates, the price in baht is significantly more expensive than the official prices of
US$ 20 and US$ 25. Some people have had some success paying the official price in dollars by being politely insistent. |
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Border crossing scams:
Be prepared for minor scams from the Cambodian border guards, especially at Koh Kong and Poipet.
Scam #1: Drivers and touts will insist that you need their help to obtain a visa. This is not true. They want to charge an extra fee. The visa process is easy, straightforward and do-it-yourself.
Scam #2: The guards may charge 50 Baht for a SARS form. The form may in fact be required, but it is also supposed to be free.
Scam #3: Immigration police may try to overcharge 100 - 300 Baht for the visa, or charge 100
Baht for the normally free exit/entry stamp. Try asking for a receipt.
When dealing with officials, there is usually room for polite explanations and bargaining. One sometimes
successful approach is to smile, say "no, thank you", smile some more, perhaps act like you don't understand and walk away. This technique may or may not work but it has a greater likelihood of success than simply refusing or, even worse, becoming argumentative.
Money:
US Dollars are as commonly used as the Cambodian Riel and
even Thai Baht are acceptable in many places. Most hotels and
many restaurants and shops set their prices in dollars.
Small transactions are usually done in Riel. Always carry
some small Riel for motorcycle taxis, snacks, beggars and
other small purchases.
Riel notes come in 100, 200, 500, 1000, 5,000, 10,000, 50,000
and 100,000 denominations, but the distinctive red 500 Riel
note is the most commonly used.
The exchange Rate to ONE US$ is appr. 4,000 Riel.
Credit cards and travelers checks are not very common but US
dollar travelers checks are easier to cash. Money changers
can be found at the markets. Always check the the bills. Us
notes with even the tiniest tear will not be accepted. There
are banks in all of the larger provincial capitals,
including Phnom Penh, Siem Reap, Sihanoukville. Banks can
change money, effect telegraphic transfers and some banks
can cash travelers checks and accept Visa cards.
Time:
Cambodia Standard Time is seven hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time (+ 7 hours GMT). It is in the same time zone as Thailand, Vietnam and Laos.
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Climate:
Cambodia has four seasons: |
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Winter season: November - February, cool/dry -
coldest day: Not lower than 20° C
Hot season: March - May, hot/dry - hottest day: Not more than
35°
Rainy season: June - August, hot/wet
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Angkor
Wat viewed from the balloon |
End of rainy season: September - October, cool/wet |
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Vaccinations:
Vaccinations are not required though some may be
recommended. Check with your travel doctor.
Airport tax:
When entering into Cambodia by
air, airport taxes payable upon each departure are applied. For international
destinations, the price is US$ 20. For domestic destinations, the
price is US$ 14.
Dress:
Casual dress is the norm because of the hot and humid weather. However, more formal attire is preferred for meetings, official functions and major ceremonies or events.
If you are here for pleasure, wear sport shirts, tee shirt and trousers, skirts, slacks, blouses and comfortable shoes.
Do not wear shorts or sandals to government offices, or wear swim suits, biker suits, bikinis, or see-through apparel in the city streets or villages. This is considered offensive by local people.
Both men and women should be particularly sure to dress appropriately if visiting a religious site, for example, a pagoda. Smart casual attire is recommended.
Visitors should dress neatly in all religious places. They should never go shirtless, in shorts, hot pants and other unsuitable attire.
Shoes, sandals and a hat should be removed when entering a pagoda where Buddhist images are kept.
Nude bathing in public places is unacceptable in Cambodia.
Cambodian embassies abroad:
Cambodian embassies can be found in the following
countries: |
| Australia |
Germany |
North
Korea |
5 Canterbury Cr, Deakin, ACT 2600, Canberra
Tel: (616) 273-1259
Fax: (616) 273-1053
embassyofcambodia.org.nz/au.htm |
Gruner Weg 8, 53343 Waxhberg,
Pech, Bonn
Tel: (49228) 328 572
Fax: (49228) 328 572 |
Rue de l'université, Commune, Mounsou Arrondissement, Daedongang, Pyongyang
Tel: (8502) 817283
Fax: (8502) 817625 |
| Bulgaria |
Hungary |
Russia |
5 Mladost , Block Salvador, Aliade Residents 2, Sofia
Tel: (3592) 757 135
Fax: (3592) 757 009 |
Rath Gyorgy u 48, 1122 XII, Budapest
Tel: (361) 155 5165
Fax: (361) 155 2376 |
Starokopuchenny Per, 16 Moscow
Tel: (7095) 956-6573
Fax: (7095) 956-6573 |
| China |
India |
Thailand |
#9 Dong Zhi Men Wai Dajie, 100600 Beijing
Tel: (8610) 532 2101
Fax: (8610) 532 3507 |
B47 Soami Nagar, 110017 New Delhi
Tel: (9111) 642-3782
Fax: (9111) 642-5363 |
#185,
Rajdamri Rd., 10330 Bangkok
Tel: (662) 254-6630
Fax: (662) 253-9859 |
| Cuba |
Indonesia |
USA
- New York |
#7001, 6ta AV. ESQ., 70 Miramar, Havana
Tel: (537) 336 151
Fax: (537) 336 400 |
4th Floor, Panin Bank Plaza,
JI 52 Palmerah Utara, 11480 Jakarta
Tel: (6221) 548-3716
Fax: (6221) 548-3684 |
4500 16th St. N.W.,, Washington DC 20011
Tel: (202) 726-7742
Fax: (202) 726-8381
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| Czech
Republic |
Japan |
USA
- D.C. |
Na. Hubalce 1, 16900, Prague 6
Tel: (422) 352603
Fax: (422) 351078 |
8-6-9,
Minato-ku 107, Tokyo
Tel: (813) 34780861 Fax: (813) 34780865
iac.co.jp/~kpnarin/index.htm |
866 UN Plaza, Suite 420, 10017 New York
Tel: (212) 421-7626
Fax: (212) 421-7743
cambodia@embassy.org |
| France |
Laos |
Vietnam |
France
4 Rue Adolphe Yvon, 75016, Paris
Tel: (33-1) 45034720
Fax: (33-1) 45034740 |
Bane Saphanthong Nou, A.B.P./ 34 Vientiane
Tel: (85621) 314 951
Fax: (85621) 314 951 |
1A Tran Hing Dao
St., Hanoi
Tel: (844) 253 788
Fax: (844) 826 5225 41
Phung Khac Khoan St., Ho Chi Minh City
Tel: (848) 292 75
Fax: (848) 292 744 |
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Foreign embassies in Phnom Penh:
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| Australia |
Indonesia |
Singapore |
Villa 11, Street 254
Tel: 023-213470 |
#90, Norodom
Tel:
023-216148 |
#92,
Norodom
Tel: 023-360855 |
| Belgium |
Japan |
South
Korea |
#8, Street 352
Tel: 023-987629 |
#75, Norodom
Tel:
023-217161 |
#64, Street 214
Tel:
023-211901 |
| Bulgaria |
Laos |
Sweden |
#227, Norodom
Tel:
023-723182 |
#15-17,
Mao Tse Toung
Tel: 023-983632 |
#8, Street 352
Tel:
023-212259 |
| Canada |
Malaysia |
Switzerland |
Villa 11, Street 254
Tel:
023-213470 |
#5, Street 242
Tel:
023-216176 |
#53D, Street 242
Tel:
023-219045 |
| China |
Malta |
Thailand |
#256, Mao Tse Toung
Tel:
023-720922 |
#10, Street 370
Tel:
023-368184 |
#196, Norodom
Tel:
023-363870 |
| Cuba |
Myanmar |
United
Kingdom |
#98, Street 214
Tel:
023-368610 |
#181, Norodom
Tel:
023-213664 |
#27-29, Street 75
Tel:
023-427124 |
| Denmark |
North
Korea |
USA |
#8, Street 352
Tel:
023-987629 |
#39, Suramarit
Tel:
023-217013 |
#27,
Street 240
Tel: 023-216436 usembassy.state.gov/cambodia |
| France |
Philippines |
Vietnam |
#1, Monivong
Tel:
023-430020 |
#33, Street 294
Tel:
023-215145 |
#426,
Monivong
Tel: 023-362531 |
| Germany |
Poland |
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#76-78, Street 214
Tel:
023-216381 |
#767, Monivong
Tel:
023-217782 |
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| India |
Russia |
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#777,
Monivong
Tel: 023-210912 |
#213,
Sothearos
Tel: 023-210931 |
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© 2004
Myriam Grest Thein
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